博客 - CocoaChina_让移动开发更简单

    虽然对于视频播放之前就有所了解，但是一直没有过多的在意，更没有研究过，仅仅在于知道。
    这篇文章仅仅是将视频播放的一些控件进行了简单的深入，并没有对框架等进行深挖，想看到更深层次知识的可以跳过了。下面是菜鸟的总结：
    经过一周的了解，如果对于视频播放没有什么特殊的要求，只需要实现播放功能就很简单了。直接使用MPMoviePlayerViewController或者使用MPMoviePlayerController完全够用。两个类很简单，从名字上就可以看出，一个是ViewController，另一个是View。MPMoviePlayerViewController是对MPMoviePlayerController的封装，两个类用法，没有太大不同。

   首先，MPMoviePlayerViewController:
               需要注意一点即可：只能够Present，不能push。
               第一，导入MediaPlayer.framework，将#import <MediaPlayer>导入
                第二，创建，播放，监听播放的状态。

(void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad];
/* 打开本地视频 NSString url = [[NSBundlemainBundle]pathForResource:@"IMG_0322"ofType:@"mp4"]; MPMoviePlayerViewController playerViewController = [[MPMoviePlayerViewControlleralloc]initWithContentURL:[NSURLfileURLWithPath:url]]; /

MPMoviePlayerViewController *movie = [[MPMoviePlayerViewController alloc]initWithContentURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://static.tripbe.com/videofiles/20121214/9533522808.f4v.mp4"]];

//播放模式 /**
- MPMovieControlStyleNone ————— 相当于播放视频，甚至没有返回操作
- MPMovieControlStyleEmbedded ———— 嵌入式播放
- MPMovieControlStyleFullscreen ———— 全屏播放 */ //播放器的样式 movie.moviePlayer.controlStyle = MPMovieControlStyleFullscreen; //控制模式（触摸） // movie.moviePlayer.scalingMode = MPMovieScalingModeAspectFill;
//有的时候，播放器直接要求横屏播放 //先将整个项目设为竖屏模式，或者将此页面设为竖屏模式，然后写下以下三行代码，即可实现横屏 movie.moviePlayer.fullscreen = NO; CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI/2); movie.view.transform = transform;

movie.view.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor]; movie.view.frame = self.view.bounds; [movie.moviePlayer prepareToPlay]; [self.navigationController presentMoviePlayerViewControllerAnimated:movie];

//使用NSNotification监听播放器的各种状态 //停止播放 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]addObserver:self selector:@selector(movieFinishedCallback:) name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackDidFinishNotification object:movie.moviePlayer];

//播放状态 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(mediaPlayerPlaybackStateChange:) name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification object:movie];

/**
- movie.moviePlayer.controlStyle = MPMovieControlStyleEmbedded;状态下才调用 */ //控制器即将进入全屏 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(movieEventFullscreenHandler:) name:MPMoviePlayerWillEnterFullscreenNotification object:nil];
  
  //command+点击，可以看到notification都可以监听到哪些事件，此处不多列举了

}

/**

停止播放 */
- (void)movieFinishedCallback:(NSNotification *)noti{
MPMoviePlayerController* theMovie = [noti object]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self
```
                                           name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackDidFinishNotification object:theMovie];
```
[self.navigationController dismissMoviePlayerViewControllerAnimated]; }

/**

播放状态改变，注意播放完成时的状态是暂停
@param notification 通知对象 / -(void)mediaPlayerPlaybackStateChange:(NSNotification )notification{

MPMoviePlayerController *theMovie = [notification object];

switch (theMovie.playbackState) { case MPMoviePlaybackStatePlaying: NSLog(@"正在播放..."); break; case MPMoviePlaybackStatePaused: NSLog(@"暂停播放."); break; case MPMoviePlaybackStateStopped: NSLog(@"停止播放."); break; default: NSLog(@"播放状态:%li",theMovie.playbackState); break; } }

-(void)movieEventFullscreenHandler(NSNotification *)notification{ NSLog(@"即将进入全屏."); }

(void)dealloc{

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackDidFinishNotification object:_moviePlayerController]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification object:_moviePlayerController]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerWillEnterFullscreenNotification object:_moviePlayerController];

_moviePlayerController = nil; }

二.MPMoviePlayerController(基本和上面的ViewController类似，但是更具与优势，能自己控制播放状态) 稍微难一点的就是，想要点击横屏的按钮，实现横屏状态，花费了一点时间查阅资料，主要是两个通知（MPMoviePlayerWillEnterFullscreenNotification，MPMoviePlayerWillExitFullscreenNotification），监听实现。但是如果项目一进页面就是实现横屏就简单了，直接上面介绍的MPMoviePlayerViewController的方法拿来使用，就足够了。

(void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; _moviePlayerController = [[MPMoviePlayerController alloc]initWithContentURL:[NSURL URLWithString:@"http://static.tripbe.com/videofiles/20121214/9533522808.f4v.mp4"]]; // _moviePlayerController.view.autoresizingMask=UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleWidth|UIViewAutoresizingFlexibleHeight; [_moviePlayerController prepareToPlay]; [self.view addSubview:_moviePlayerController.view];

_moviePlayerController.shouldAutoplay=YES; _moviePlayerController.controlStyle = MPMovieControlStyleDefault; _moviePlayerController.scalingMode = MPMovieScalingModeAspectFit;

_moviePlayerController.repeatMode = MPMovieRepeatModeNone; [_moviePlayerController setFullscreen:NO];

[_moviePlayerController.view setFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width)]; height = _moviePlayerController.view.frame.size.height;

//这里注册监听相关操作的通知 [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(movieFinishedCallback:) name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackDidFinishNotification object:_moviePlayerController]; //播放完后的通知

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(mediaPlayerPlaybackStateChange:) name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification object:_moviePlayerController];

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(movieEventWillFullscreenHandler:) name:MPMoviePlayerWillEnterFullscreenNotification object:_moviePlayerController];

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(movieEventWillExitFullscreenHandler:) name:MPMoviePlayerWillExitFullscreenNotification object:_moviePlayerController];
}
(IBAction)BtnClickAction:(id)sender {

if (sender==_startBtn) { [_moviePlayerController play]; }else if (sender==_stopBtn){ [_moviePlayerController stop]; }else if (sender==_pauseBtn){ [_moviePlayerController pause]; } }

/**

先将整个项目设为横竖屏模式，或者将此页面设为横竖屏模式，然后做以下操作，即可实现横屏竖屏切换 */

(void)movieEventWillFullscreenHandler:(NSNotification*)notification {

NSLog(@"即将进入全屏状态"); MPMoviePlayerController *theMovie = [notification object];

if ([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height <= height) {

[[UIDevice currentDevice] setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait] forKey:@"orientation"];
height = theMovie.view.frame.size.height;

} else {

[[UIDevice currentDevice] setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight] forKey:@"orientation"];

height = theMovie.view.frame.size.height;

} }

(void)movieEventWillExitFullscreenHandler:(NSNotification*)notification {

NSLog(@"即将退出全屏状态"); MPMoviePlayerController *theMovie = [notification object];

if ([UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height <= height) {

[[UIDevice currentDevice] setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:UIInterfaceOrientationPortrait] forKey:@"orientation"]; height = theMovie.view.frame.size.height; } else {
```
[[UIDevice currentDevice] setValue:[NSNumber numberWithInteger:UIInterfaceOrientationLandscapeRight] forKey:@"orientation"];

height = theMovie.view.frame.size.height;
```
}

}

(void)dealloc{

[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackDidFinishNotification object:_moviePlayerController]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerPlaybackStateDidChangeNotification object:_moviePlayerController]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerWillEnterFullscreenNotification object:_moviePlayerController]; [[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter]removeObserver:self name:MPMoviePlayerWillExitFullscreenNotification object:_moviePlayerController];

_moviePlayerController = nil; }

MP类型的基本上在iOS 9之后就被废弃了，虽然好用，但不灵活，为了能够自定义播放起的外观，更方便的支持更多格式，AVFoundation兴起。 AVPlayer相信是现在大多数稍微要求高一点的视频播放都会选择的。

三.AVPlayer 首先，导入AVFoundation框架，在 .m导入#import UI界面的搭建思路，一个总的父视图totalView，在totalView上在搭建三个View，放视频的moviePlayerView，放播放器按钮的consoleView，音量调节的VolumnView，添加好后，添加一行代码，否则，放播放器按钮的consoleView和音量调节的VolumnView，被播放器遮挡 [self.totalView.layer insertSublayer:_moviePlayerView.layer atIndex:0]; 如果还没有显示调用 [self.totalView bringSubviewToFront:_VolumnView]; [self.totalView bringSubviewToFront:_consoleView];

Simulator Screen Shot 2016年8月7日下午4.57.32.png

然后，初始化

(void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad];

self.title = @"AVPlayer";

self.progressSlider.minimumValue = 0; self.progressSlider.maximumValue = 100;

/**
- 需要先导入AVFoundation http://devimages.apple.com/iphone/samples/bipbop/gear1/prog_index.m3u8 http://clips.vorwaerts-gmbh.de/big_buck_bunny.mp4 ⬆️此视频播放会出现卡顿现象？更深层的研究，边加载边播放？ AVPlayer是先将视频下载下来吗？ */
NSString playString = @"http://static.tripbe.com/videofiles/20121214/9533522808.f4v.mp4"; NSURL url = [NSURL URLWithString:playString];

//设置播放的项目 _item = [[AVPlayerItem alloc] initWithURL:url];

//初始化player对象 self.player = [[AVPlayer alloc] initWithPlayerItem:_item];

//设置播放页面 _layer = [AVPlayerLayer playerLayerWithPlayer:_player]; //设置播放页面的大小 _layer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, 300); _layer.backgroundColor = [UIColor darkGrayColor].CGColor; //设置播放窗口和当前视图之间的比例显示内容 _layer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect; //添加播放视图到self.view [self.moviePlayerView.layer addSublayer:_layer]; //设置播放进度的默认值 self.progressSlider.value = 0; //设置播放的默认音量值(0.0-1,0) self.player.volume = 1.0;

block UISlider *blockSlider = self.progressSlider; block UILabel blockCurrentLab = self.currentTimeLab; // __block UILabel blockTotalLab = self.totalTimeLab; __block id blockSelf = self;

block UISlider *imgSlider = self.sliderImg; block UILabel *blockCurrentImgLab = self.currentImgLab;

//当前播放的进度，不想监听的话直接隐掉 id timeObserve = [self.player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1.0, 1.0) queue:dispatch_get_main_queue() usingBlock:^(CMTime time) { float current = CMTimeGetSeconds(time);//当前播放秒数 float total = CMTimeGetSeconds(_item.duration);//总秒数 if (current) { // NSLog(@"%f", current / total);
```
    blockSlider.value = current / total * 100;
    imgSlider.value = current / total * 100;
```

// blockTotalLab.text = [blockSelf convertTime:total]; blockCurrentLab.text = [blockSelf convertTime:current]; blockCurrentImgLab.text = [blockSelf convertTime:current];

    }
}];

//添加自定义按钮
[self addImgViewButton];

//添加手势
[self addTapGestureRcognizeAction];

/**
 *  监听屏幕旋转的通知
 */
[[NSNotificationCenter defaultCenter] addObserver:self selector:@selector(orientChange:) name:UIDeviceOrientationDidChangeNotification object:nil];

//有add，必须remove，监听播放状态，否则返回上一页，播放器仍然没有被释放掉*****（五星，非常可重要）
[_item addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];// 监听status属性

//监听缓冲进度

// [item addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"loadedTimeRanges" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];

}

有几个比较费时间，个人感觉较难的，一个是屏幕旋转，一个是自定义的视屏播放器， 1.屏幕旋转直接监听整个设备的旋转，一劳永逸，尝试了很多更改frame的，不尽满意。注意，在监听旋转的同时，仍然需要将player的父视图（moviePlayerView）的父视图（totalView）的frame进行相应调整

(void)orientChange:(NSNotification *)noti

{

NSDictionary* ntfDict = [noti userInfo];

UIDeviceOrientation  orient = [UIDevice currentDevice].orientation;

/*

 UIDeviceOrientationUnknown,

 UIDeviceOrientationPortrait,            // Device oriented vertically, home button on the bottom

 UIDeviceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown,  // Device oriented vertically, home button on the top

 UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeLeft,       // Device oriented horizontally, home button on the right

 UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeRight,      // Device oriented horizontally, home button on the left

 UIDeviceOrientationFaceUp,              // Device oriented flat, face up

 UIDeviceOrientationFaceDown             // Device oriented flat, face down   */

CGFloat height = _layer.frame.size.height;

switch (orient)

{

    case UIDeviceOrientationPortrait:

        _lockBtn.hidden = YES;

        _layer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width, 300);
        _totalView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 64, self.view.frame.size.width, 300);
        _moviePlayerTapView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 64, self.view.frame.size.width, 300);
        _layer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect;
        height = _layer.frame.size.height;

        break;

    case UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeLeft:

        _lockBtn.hidden = NO;

        _layer.frame = self.view.frame;
        _totalView.frame = self.view.frame;
        _moviePlayerTapView.frame = self.view.frame;
        _layer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect;

        [self.moviePlayerView.layer insertSublayer:_layer atIndex:0];
        _stateBtn.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
        [self.totalView bringSubviewToFront:_VolumnView];
        [self.totalView bringSubviewToFront:_consoleView];

        break;

    case UIDeviceOrientationPortraitUpsideDown:

        break;

    case UIDeviceOrientationLandscapeRight:

        _lockBtn.hidden = NO;

        _layer.frame = self.view.frame;
        _totalView.frame = self.view.frame;
        _layer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspect;

        [self.moviePlayerView.layer insertSublayer:_layer atIndex:0];
        _stateBtn.userInteractionEnabled = YES;
        [self.totalView bringSubviewToFront:_VolumnView];
        [self.totalView bringSubviewToFront:_consoleView];

        height = _layer.frame.size.height;

        break;
    default:

        break;

}

}

监听播放状态notification调用方法、

(void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString )keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary )change context:(void *)context {

AVPlayerItem playerItem = (AVPlayerItem )object; if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]) { if ([playerItem status] == AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay) { self.startBtn.userInteractionEnabled = YES; self.stateBtn.userInteractionEnabled = YES; self.sliderImg.userInteractionEnabled = YES; self.progressSlider.userInteractionEnabled = YES; NSLog(@"AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay----视频已经可以开始播放");
```
    CMTime duration = playerItem.duration;// 获取视频总长度
    CGFloat totalSecond = playerItem.duration.value / playerItem.duration.timescale;// 转换成秒
    NSLog(@"movie total duration:%f",CMTimeGetSeconds(duration));

    self.totalTimeLab.text = [self convertTime:totalSecond];
    self.totalImgLab.text = [self convertTime:totalSecond];

} else if ([playerItem status] == AVPlayerStatusFailed) {
    NSLog(@"AVPlayerStatusFailed------视频不能播放");
    self.startBtn.userInteractionEnabled = NO;
    self.stateBtn.userInteractionEnabled = NO;
    self.sliderImg.userInteractionEnabled = NO;
    self.progressSlider.userInteractionEnabled = NO;
}
```
} // else if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"loadedTimeRanges"]) { // NSLog(@"视频缓冲中。。。"); // NSTimeInterval timeInterval = [self availableDuration];// 计算缓冲进度 // NSLog(@"Time Interval:%f",timeInterval); // CMTime duration = playerItem.duration; // CGFloat totalDuration = CMTimeGetSeconds(duration); // NSLog(@"缓冲总进度：%f",totalDuration); // } }

// //- (NSTimeInterval)availableDuration { // NSArray *loadedTimeRanges = [[self.player currentItem] loadedTimeRanges]; // CMTimeRange timeRange = [loadedTimeRanges.firstObject CMTimeRangeValue];// 获取缓冲区域 // float startSeconds = CMTimeGetSeconds(timeRange.start); // float durationSeconds = CMTimeGetSeconds(timeRange.duration); // NSTimeInterval result = startSeconds + durationSeconds;// 计算缓冲总进度 // return result; //}

//秒数转时间

(NSString )convertTime:(CGFloat)second{ NSDate d = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:second]; NSDateFormatter formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init]; if (second/3600 >= 1) { [formatter setDateFormat:@"HH:mm:ss"]; } else { [formatter setDateFormat:@"mm:ss"]; } NSString showtimeNew = [formatter stringFromDate:d]; return showtimeNew; }

为了使播放器在viewWillDisappear的时候，被释放，必须移除notification*****（五星，重要）

(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated{

[_item removeObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" context:nil];

[self.player replaceCurrentItemWithPlayerItem:nil]; }

百度云:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1pLzWcsz 如有错误，敬请指正。